Aortic stenosis

Aortic valve stenosis refers to the inability of the aortic valve to open fully during systole due to congenital or acquired factors affecting the aortic valve. Aortic valve disease accounts for a relatively large proportion of hospitalized patients, but isolated lesions are rare and are often combined with other valvular lesions. This disease can be caused by multiple factors. Congenital malformations often involve abnormal leaflet numbers, with bicuspid valves being the most common. Rheumatic valvular disease typically presents with both stenosis and regurgitation. Acquired non-rheumatic valvular disease mainly involves senile degenerative aortic valve sclerosis, often accompanied by extensive atherosclerosis or hypercholesterolemia. The disease usually progresses slowly with a long asymptomatic period, but the prognosis is poor, and the condition deteriorates rapidly once heart failure develops. Medical conservative treatment has a high mortality rate, while surgical treatment can be curative.