Chronic heart failure

Chronic heart failure refers to chronic primary myocardial disease and ventricles due to long-term pressure or volume overload, resulting in weakened myocardial contractility and inability to maintain cardiac output. It is divided into left-sided, right-sided heart failure, and total heart failure. Common causes include rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic stenosis or insufficiency, ventricular septal defect, cor pulmonale, and pulmonary valve stenosis. It can occur at any age. Symptoms can generally be controlled, but there are often recurrent episodes, and some patients can recover.