Ataxia

Ataxia is caused by many etiologies in various parts of the nervous system. Any simple movement requires the participation of four groups of muscles—agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator—to be completed, and depends on the coordination and balance of the nervous system. There are many causes of ataxia; first, it must be determined which type it belongs to, and then the various related etiologies should be considered. Therefore, damage to deep sensation, the vestibular system, the cerebellum, and the cerebrum can all cause ataxia, respectively called sensory, vestibular, cerebellar, and cerebral ataxia. There are also factors of unknown cause, some accompanied by intellectual disability or dementia. Main types: (1) Cerebellar ataxia. (2) Cerebral ataxia. (3) Sensory ataxia. (4) Vestibular labyrinthine ataxia.