Chronic atrophic gastritis

Chronic atrophic gastritis refers to a type of chronic gastritis in which the gastric mucosa has undergone atrophic changes. Chronic atrophic gastritis can be further classified into two major categories: multifocal atrophic gastritis and autoimmune gastritis. In the former, atrophic changes occur in a multifocal pattern within the stomach, predominantly in the gastric antrum, and are mostly derived from chronic non-atrophic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. In the latter, atrophic changes are mainly located in the gastric body, and are mostly derived from autoimmune-induced gastritis of the gastric body. This disease is a common condition of the digestive system. According to reports, the prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis in China accounts for 13.8% of the examined population. Chronic atrophic gastritis is a common digestive system disease characterized by atrophy of the gastric mucosal glands, and falls within the scope of epigastric pain, gastric stuffiness, and distension in traditional Chinese medicine. Despite long-term research, the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease have not yet been fully elucidated. After the introduction of the fiberoptic gastroscope in 1957, significant progress was made in the diagnosis and histopathological research of chronic atrophic gastritis. In 1978, the World Health Organization classified chronic atrophic gastritis as a precancerous condition of gastric cancer, and incomplete intestinal metaplasia and moderate to severe dysplasia occurring on its basis were regarded as precancerous lesions. The canceration rate of chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia is approximately 5%.