Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly

Gastrointestinal bleeding refers to bleeding from the esophagus, stomach, intestines, as well as the biliary tract and pancreatic duct. Among these, bleeding from the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, as well as the biliary tract and pancreatic duct above the ligament of Treitz is upper gastrointestinal bleeding, while bleeding from the jejunum, ileum, colon, and rectum below the ligament of Treitz is lower gastrointestinal bleeding; bleeding from the jejunum after gastrojejunostomy is classified as upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly is high, with a high mortality rate. It is easily masked by other diseases such as cardiovascular disease, and often serves as a diagnostic clue for other diseases such as tumors. Clinically, it is often necessary to simultaneously address hemostatic treatment, treatment of complications, treatment of the primary disease, and treatment of concomitant conditions such as cardiovascular disease.