choledochal cyst

Choledochal cyst, also known as cystic dilatation of the common bile duct, is mostly a congenital developmental malformation. The ratio is approximately 3-4:1. Symptoms mostly appear in childhood and adulthood, with clinical manifestations of intermittent upper abdominal pain, right upper quadrant abdominal mass, and jaundice, known as the triad of choledochal cyst, along with nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and weight loss, etc. Moreover, this disease is rarely seen. In 1948, Davis found only 1 case among 17,981 patients undergoing biliary tract surgery at the Mayo Clinic, and Smith collected only 2 cases of choledochal cyst from 787,000 admitted patients. However, in the past 20 years, reports of this disease in the world literature have been increasing daily, with more than 1,500 cases reported abroad, one-third of which are from Japan, suggesting that the disease is more common in Japan; domestic literature has approached 400 cases. Therefore, the previously limited number of cases may be due to insufficient awareness and low diagnostic rates, and this disease should not yet be considered rare. The incidence rate in females is higher than in males, approximately 3-4:1, with females generally having a higher rate than males.