anal fistula

Anal fistula is a common anorectal disease in clinical practice and is a sequela of abscess rupture or incision in the perianal area around the anal canal and rectum. Most anal fistulas form after anorectal abscesses rupture or are incised for drainage. It can occur at any age, and is more common in middle-aged and elderly men. Anal fistula is a common anal disease. Anorectal fistula mainly involves the anal canal and rarely involves the rectum, so it is often called anal fistula. It is a granulomatous tract communicating with the perianal skin. Its incidence is second only to hemorrhoids, and it is most common in men aged 20-40. An anal fistula generally consists of a primary internal opening, the fistula tract, and a secondary external opening. The internal opening is usually located near the dentate line, usually single, while the external opening is located on the perianal skin and can be single or multiple. Anal fistula discharges pus and fluid, contaminating underwear, promoting bacterial growth, and can induce other anorectal diseases such as anal eczema and anal pruritus. Secondly, the fistula tract will gradually increase over time, and once it develops into a high complex anal fistula, it is difficult to treat and may easily cause sequelae such as anal incontinence.