Liver disease

Common liver diseases include hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver abscess, and primary liver cancer. Hepatitis is mainly chronic hepatitis, which is classified by etiology into chronic viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, drug-induced toxic hepatitis, hereditary diseases, and chronic hepatitis of unknown cause. Among viral hepatitis, hepatitis B is the most common. Hepatitis B virus is a worldwide infectious disease. According to statistics, the number of people carrying hepatitis B surface antigen globally exceeds 280 million. China is a high-prevalence area for hepatitis B, with currently about 30 million people having symptomatic chronic hepatitis B. Each year, 400,000 people in China die from post-hepatitis B cirrhosis. The manifestations of liver disease are very insidious, with the most prominent symptoms being fatigue and lack of appetite. Common symptoms include distending pain or discomfort, nausea, aversion to greasy food, postprandial fullness, or jaundice, dry mouth, dry or loose stools, yellow urine, or low-grade fever, dizziness, tinnitus, and sallow complexion without luster. If it is cirrhosis, in addition to the clinical manifestations of hepatitis, there may also be ascites, prominent abdominal wall veins, generalized edema, decreased urine output, liver palms, spider nevi, and in severe cases, massive hemorrhage. In order to detect liver disease as early as possible, it is very important to undergo examinations in a timely manner. If one notices the above conditions, one should first go to the hospital for tests such as hepatitis B serology (two-and-a-half test), liver function tests, and liver ultrasound.