Hemobilia

Biliary tract hemorrhage, also known as hemobilia, is upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by pathological communication between intrahepatic or extrahepatic vessels and the biliary tract due to various causes, with blood flowing through the biliary tract into the duodenum. Biliary tract hemorrhage is one of the main causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Generally, biliary tract hemorrhage manifests as hematemesis or melena, but in most cases it is often occult mild bleeding. According to the cause and location of biliary tract hemorrhage, it is usually divided into intrahepatic and extrahepatic types; 90% of biliary tract hemorrhage originates from the intrahepatic biliary tract, while bleeding from the extrahepatic biliary tract and gallbladder is less common. The mortality rate is 7.2% to 33%.