Colitis

Colitis, also known as non-specific ulcerative colitis, has a slow onset with varying severity. The main clinical manifestations include diarrhea, abdominal pain, mucous stools, purulent bloody stools, tenesmus, and in severe cases, constipation with no bowel movement for several days; alternating diarrhea and constipation, often accompanied by weight loss and fatigue, with recurrent episodes. Abdominal pain is generally dull or colicky, often located in the left lower abdomen or lower abdomen. Other manifestations include loss of appetite, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, and hepatomegaly. There may be tenderness in the left lower abdomen, and sometimes a spastic colon can be palpated. Common systemic symptoms include weight loss, fatigue, fever, and anemia. Sulfasalazine is effective in treating colitis in all segments and preventing complications. Hormone therapy can improve the general condition, induce remission, reduce stool frequency, alleviate recurrent symptoms, and increase appetite. Immunosuppressants are often used during the quiescent phase to reduce recurrence.