Hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia, also known as dyslipidemia, refers to abnormalities in the quantity and quality of lipids in plasma. In plasma, lipids must bind with proteins and exist in the form of lipoproteins. Therefore, hyperlipidemia actually manifests as lipoprotein abnormality. A minority of hyperlipidemia cases are caused by systemic diseases (secondary), while the majority are the result of the interaction between genetic defects and environmental factors (primary). Clinical manifestations include hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, or both. Clinically, it is divided into two categories: ① Primary: rare, belonging to hereditary lipid metabolism disorders; ② Secondary: commonly seen in poorly controlled diabetes, alcohol consumption, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, hemodialysis, kidney transplantation, biliary obstruction, oral contraceptives, etc.