Hyperthyroid heart disease

Hyperthyroid heart disease refers to a series of cardiovascular symptoms and signs caused by the direct or indirect effects of thyroid hormone on the heart during hyperthyroidism, including cardiomegaly, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, angina pectoris, and even myocardial infarction, sick sinus syndrome, and cardiomyopathy. It is an endocrine and metabolic disorder heart disease. Sometimes second only to thyroid storm, it is an important cause of death in patients with hyperthyroidism. The pathogenesis of hyperthyroid heart disease is the result of multiple factors acting together, including supraphysiological amounts of thyroid hormone acting on the heart, accelerating myocardial metabolism, causing myocardial hypoxia and nutrient deficiency, myocardial degeneration and hypertrophy, shortening of atrioventricular conduction time and atrial cell refractory period, coronary artery spasm, and hemodynamic changes. There is currently no unified diagnostic standard. It is generally believed that cardiomegaly, arrhythmia, and heart failure are its essential symptoms and signs, but other causes of heart disease must be excluded. Among the arrhythmias of this disease, premature atrial contractions are the most common, followed by atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, and atrioventricular block can also be seen. In hyperthyroid patients with a long disease course and severe condition, due to the influence of high cardiac output, the cardiac load is increased, which can lead to cardiac enlargement. On the basis of arrhythmia and cardiac enlargement, heart failure can occur. As for angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, they are relatively rare in hyperthyroid heart disease. Hyperthyroid heart disease can disappear with the cure or control of hyperthyroidism, or it can continue to exist, and may even become a permanent sequela (such as permanent cardiac enlargement