Cerebrovascular malformation

Cerebrovascular malformation is a congenital, non-neoplastic developmental abnormality of the cerebral blood vessels. It refers to abnormalities in the number and structure of local cerebral blood vessels caused by developmental disorders of cerebral blood vessels, which affect normal cerebral blood flow. Its rupture and bleeding mainly manifest as intracerebral hemorrhage or hematoma. It is more common in young people, with an average age at diagnosis of 20-40 years. Cerebrovascular malformation, also known as angioma, is not a true tumor but a congenital developmental abnormality of cerebral blood vessels. There are multiple clinical types, among which arteriovenous malformation is the most common. According to the diameter of the malformed vascular mass, it is clinically divided into large, medium, and small lesions. This disease is more common in males and predominantly in young adults. The most common clinical manifestation is bleeding from rupture of the malformed blood vessels; some patients present with epilepsy as the initial symptom. Due to the "steal" phenomenon, localized cerebral ischemia can lead to brain atrophy, and intellectual decline and mental abnormalities may exist. If bleeding is severe and cerebral hernia occurs, it can often be fatal if not treated promptly.